MicroGraphic
Solutions
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In general, "reader printers" are "landscape" printers.
That means that they print
landscape images and view landscape images just the
way they appear on the film.
If the images on the film are "portrait",
they must be rotated before they can be printed.
A prism lens is used to "rotate
the image" for proper print placement on the paper.
. . . . See Below
. . . .
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 
LANDSCAPE IMAGE ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ PORTRAIT IMAGE
See The Examples of Landscape and Portrait Images for Various Film Types Below
Landscape Images (COM) ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Portrait Images (Source)
~ ~ ~ ~ 
16mm Roll Film Landscape ~ ~ ~ ~ 16mm Roll Film Portrait
~ ~ ~ ~ ~
Aperture Card Landscape ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Aperture Card Portrait
~ ~ ~ ~ 
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You have "negative film" when the background of the image is black
(sometimes
blue) and the information in the image is clear.
You have "positive film" when the background of the image is clear
and the information in the image is black (sometimes blue).
Why Is It Important To Know If You Are Using
NEGATIVE Film
~ Or ~
POSITIVE Film?
If you purchase a "Bi-mode unit", that means the unit can print
positive
copies from negative film or positive film.
Most microfilm images are produced
in the NEGATIVE format.
Therefore, most end users need a NEGATIVE reader Printer.
Most
reader printers are not bi-mode.
They are either "NEGATIVE"
(Prints
positive copies from negative film)
~OR~
"POSITIVE" printers.
(Prints
positive copies from positive film).
So, when you order a reader printer, you
must know if you have positive or negative film.
To select a reader printer, or microfilm scanner magnification lenses the following
"Lens Templates" can be used as an aid to selecting a lens.
These
templates are arranged into two groups. Templates for portrait film images, and templates
for
landscape film images. Each template represents a film image that will magnify
to 8.5"X11"
(or A4) when using the lens specified with that template.
If you are dealing with more than one
film image size you will need to consider
additional lenses.
Note: If the film image is smaller than the template, you
will have a smaller than 8.5" X 11" (or A4)
image on the reader printer
or scanner view screen and on the plain paper copy. This may result
in a border
around the image. Correspondingly, if the film image is larger than the template
you
will have a larger than 8.5" X 11" on the view screen and the entire image
will not fit on
the plain paper copy. You need an exact match to get the same
8.5" X 11" result.
The lens templates are available for viewing
and printing as a Adobe PDF file.
It is provided in this format to help insure
that the individual lens template
sizes are correct. To view and print a PDF
file requires that you have
the Adobe Acrobat 3.0 (or higher) installed on your
computer.
If you do not have Adobe Acrobat Reader 3.0 installed on your computer
you
can download it for free from the Adobe Web Site:
Click
"Logo" To DownLoad Adobe